Mongolia’s Mining Playbook: What’s The Policy?
According to the World Bank’s Mongolia Public Finance Review, published in June 2025: “Over the past two decades, natural resource wealth has driven substantial improvements in income and living standards. At the same time, it has amplified macroeconomic and fiscal volatility, with significant costs to households, firms, and public finances. Mongolia’s macro-fiscal volatility is among the highest globally, placing it among only 14 countries where both economic growth and public debt volatility surpass the 75th percentile worldwide.” This assessment accurately reflects the current situation.